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| Sabine, C. L., R. M. Key, K. M. Johnson, F. J. Millero,
A. Poisson, J.
L. Sarmiento, D. W. R. Wallace, and C. D. Winn, 1999: Anthropogenic
CO2 inventory of the Indian
Ocean. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 13(1), 179-198. |
| Abstract: This study presents basin-wide anthropogenic CO
2
inventory estimates for the Indian Ocean based on measurements from the
World Ocean Circulation Experiment/Joint Global Ocean Flux Study global
survey. These estimates employed slightly modified d C* and time
series techniques originally proposed by Gruber et al. [1996] and
Wallace [1995], respectively. Together, the two methods yield the
total oceanic anthropogenic CO2
and the carbon increase over the past 2 decades. The highest concentrations
and the deepest penetrations of anthropogenic carbon are associated with
the Subtropical Convergence at around 30° to 40°S. With both techniques,
the lowest anthropogenic CO2 column
inventories are observed south of 50°S. The total anthropogenic
CO2
inventory north of 35°S was 13.6 ± 2 Pg C in 1995. The inventory
increase since GEOSECS (Geochemical Ocean Sections Program) was 4.1 ±
1 Pg C for the same area. Approximately 6.7 ± 1 Pg C are stored
in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean, giving a total Indian Ocean
inventory of 20.3 ± 3 Pg C for 1995. These estimates are compared
to anthropogenic CO2 inventories
estimated by the Princeton ocean biogeochemistry model. The model predicts
an Indian Ocean sink north of 35°S that is only 0.61-0.68 times the
results presented here; while the Southern Ocean sink is nearly 2.6 times
higher than the measurement-based estimate. These results clearly identify
areas in the models that need further examination and provide a good baseline
for future studies of the anthropogenic inventory. |
