This is a partial listing of GFDL publications. A copy of the complete bibliography can be obtained by calling 609-452-6502, or by writing to:

Director

Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory

Post Office Box 308

Princeton, New Jersey 08542

(1427) Mahlman, J.D., A Scientist's Perspective on Integrated Observing and Long-Term Monitoring Systems, First Symposium on Integrated Observing Systems, American Meteorological Society, 76-78, 1997.

(1428) Delworth, T.L., S. Manabe, and R.J. Stouffer, Multidecadal Climate Variability in the Greenland Sea and Surrounding Regions: A Coupled Model Simulation, Geophysical Research Letters, 24(3):257-260, 1997.

* (1429) Griffies, S.M., and K. Bryan, Predictability of North Atlantic Multidecadal Climate Variability, Science, 275:181-184, 1997.

* (1430) Winton, M., The Damping Effect of Bottom Topography on Internal Decadal-Scale Oscillations of the Thermohaline Circulation, Journal of Physical Oceanography, 27(1):203-208, 1997.

* (1431) Knutson, T.R., S. Manabe, and D. Gu, Simulated ENSO in a Global Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Model: Multi-Decadal Amplitude Modulation and CO₂ Sensitivity, Journal of Climate, 10(1):138-161, 1997.

* (1432) Gu, D., and S.G.H. Philander, Interdecadal Climate Fluctuations that Depend on Exchanges Between the Tropics and Extratropics, Science, 275:721-892, 1997.

(1433) Delworth, T.L., S. Manabe, and R.J. Stouffer, Interannual to Interdecadal Variability in a Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Model, Proceedings of International Workshop on Numerical Prediction of Oceanic Conditions, pp. 99-107, 7-11 March, 1995, Tokyo, Japan.

(1434) Winton, M., The Effect of Cold Climates upon North Atlantic Deep Water Formation in a Simple Ocean-Atmosphere Model, Journal of Climate, 10(1):39-51, 1997.

(1435) Bender, M.A., The Effect of Relative Flow on the Asymmetric Structure in the Interior of Hurricanes, Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 54(6):703-724, 1997.

(1436) Manabe, S., Early Development in the Study of Greenhouse Warming: The Emergence of Climate Models, Ambio (Special volume commemorating 100th year anniversary of the publication of "Arrhenius" paper on Greenhouse Warming), 26(1):47-51, 1997.

(1437) Lau, N.-C., Interactions Between Global SST Anomalies and the Midlatitude Atmospheric Circulation, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 78(1):21-33, 1997.

* (1438) Ramaswamy, V., and C-T. Chen, Linear Additivity of Climate Response for Combined Albedo and Greenhouse Perturbations, Geophysical Research Letters, 24(5):567-570, 1997.

* (1439) Balasubramanian, G., and S.T. Garner, The Role of Momentum Fluxes in Shaping the Lifecycle of a Baroclinic Wave, Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 54(4):510-533, 1997.

* (1440) Ramaswamy, V., and C.-T. Chen, Climate Forcing-Response Relationships for Greenhouse and Shortwave Radiative Perturbations, Geophysical Research Letters, 24(6):667-670, 1997.

(1441) Hamilton, K., The Role of Parameterized Drag in a Troposphere-Stratosphere-Mesosphere General Circulation Model, In Gravity Waves Processes, Their Parameterization in Global Climate Models, ed. K. Hamilton, pp.337-350, Springer-Verlag, 1997.

(1442) Donner, L.J., C.J. Seman, and J.P Sheldon, Cloud-Radiative Interactions in High-Resolution Cloud-Resolving Models, Preprint, 9th Conference on Atmospheric Radiation, Long Beach, CA. AMS, Boston, MA, pp.47-48, February 2-7, 1997

* (1443) Swanson, K.L., P.J. Kushner, and I.M. Held, Dynamics of Barotropic Storm Tracks, Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 54(7):791-810, 1997.

(1444) Manabe, S., and R.J. Stouffer, Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Model Response to Freshwater Input: Comparison to Younger Dryas Event, Paleoceanography, 12(2):321-336, 1997.

* (1445) Levy, H. II, P.S. Kasibhatla, W.J. Moxim, A.A. Klonecki, A.I. Hirsch, S.J. Oltmans, and W.L. Chameides, The Human Impact on Global Tropospheric Ozone, Geophysical Research Letters, 24(7):791-794, 1997.

* (1446) Zhang, Y., On the Mechanisms for the Mid-winter Suppression of the Pacific Stormtrack, Ph.D. Dissertation, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ. 1997.

* (1447) Treguier, A.M., I.M. Held, and V.D. Larichev, On the Parameterization of Quasi-Geostrophic Eddies in Primitive Equation Models, Journal of Physical Oceanography, 27(4):567-580, 1997.

* (1448) Lanzante, J.R., and G.E. Gahrs, Examination of Some Biases in Satellite and Radiosonde Measures of Upper Tropospheric Humidity using a Framework for the Comparison of Redundant Measurement Systems, Proceedings of the 21st Climate Diagnostics and Prediction Workshop, Huntsville, AL, October, 1996, pp. 352-359, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce, 1997.

(1449) Anderson, J.L., A. Rosati, and R.G. Gudgel, Potential Predictability in an Ensemble of Coupled Atmosphere-Ocean General Circulation Model Seasonal Forecasts, Proceedings of the 21st Climate Diagnostics and Prediction Workshop, Huntsville, AL, October, 1996, pp. 18-21, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce, 1997.

(1450) Anderson, J.L., and R.G. Gudgel, Impact of Atmospheric Initial Conditions on Seasonal Predictions with a Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Model, Proceedings of the 21st Climate Diagnostics and Prediction Workshop, Huntsville, AL, October, 1996, pp. 61-66, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce, 1997.

* (1451) Peng, P., and N.-C. Lau, The Impact of the Monthly-Varying Global SST Anomalies on the Northern Hemisphere Circulation as Seen in an Ensemble of NCEP GCM Simulations, Proceedings of the 21st Climate Diagnostics and Prediction Workshop, Huntsville, AL, October, 1996, pp. 102-109, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce, 1997.

(1452) Hayashi, Y., and D.G. Golder, United Mechanisms for the Generation of Low- and High-Frequency Tropical Waves: Part I: Control Experiments with Moist Convective Adjustment, Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 54(9)1262-1276, 1997.

* (1453) Hall, A., and S. Manabe, Can Stochastic Theory Explain Sea Surface Temperature and Salinity Variability? Climate Dynamics, 13(3):167-180, 1997.

(1454) Williams, G.P., Planetary Vortices and Jupiter's Vertical Structure, Journal of Geophysical Research, 102(E4):9303-9308, 1997.

* (1455) Vitart, F., J.L. Anderson, W.F. Stern, Simulation of Interannual Variability of Tropical Storm Frequency in an Ensemble of GCM Integrations, Journal of Climate, 10(4):745-760, 1997.

* (1456) Jones, P.W., K. Hamilton, and R.J. Wilson, A Very High-Resolution General Circulation Model Simulation of the Global Circulation in Austral Winter, Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 34(8):1107-1116, 1997.

(1457) Rosati, A., K. Miyakoda, and R. Gudgel, The Impact of Ocean Initial Conditions on ENSO Forecasting with a Coupled Model, Monthly Weather Review, 125(5):754-772, 1997.

* (1458) Li, J., S.M. Freidenreich, and V. Ramaswamy, Solar Spectral Weight at Low Cloud Tops, Journal of Geophysical Research , 102(D10):11,139-11,143, 1997.

(1459) Soden, B., Variations in the Tropical Greenhouse Effect during El Niño, Journal of Climate, 10(5):1050-1055, 1997.

* (1460) Li, X., P. Chang, and R.C. Pacanowski, A Wave-Induced Mixing Mechanism in the Mid-depth Equatorial Ocean, Journal of Marine Research, 54:487-520, 1997.

(1461) Kurihara, Y., M.A. Bender, and R.E. Tuleya, For Hurricane Intensity Forecast: Formulation of a New Initialization Method for the GFDL Hurricane Prediction Model, Reprinted from the preprint volume of the 22nd Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology, American Meteorological Society, pp. 543-544, 19-23 May 1997.

(1462) Knutson, T., R. Tuleya, and Y. Kurihara, Exploring the Sensitivity of Hurricane Intensity to CO₂-Induced Global Warming using the GFDL Hurricane Prediction System, Reprinted from the preprint volume of the 22nd Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology, American Meteorological Society, pp.587-588, 19-23 May 1997.

* (1463) Bender, M.A., C.-C Wu, M.A. Rennick, and Y. Kurihara, Comparison of the GFDL Hurricane Model Prediction in the Western Pacific using the Nogaps and AVN Global Analysis, Reprinted from the preprint volume of the 22nd Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology, American Meteorological Society,  pp. 615-616, 19-23 May 1997.

* (1464) Wacongne, S., and R.C. Pacanowski, Seasonal Heat Transport in a Primitive Equations Model of the Tropical Indian Ocean, Journal of Physical Oceanography, 26(12):2666-2699, 1997.

* (1465) Burpee, R.W., J.L. Franklin, S.J. Lord, R.E. Tuleya, and S.D. Aberson, The Impact of Omega Dropwindsondes on Operational Hurricane Track Forecast Models, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 77(5):925-933, 1997.

* (1466) Milly, P.C.D., Sensitivity of Greenhouse Summer Dryness to Changes in Plant Rooting Characteristics, Geophysical Research Letters, 24(3):269-271, 1997.

* (1467) Li, T., S.G.H. Philander, On the Annual Cycle of the Eastern Equatorial Pacific, Journal of Climate, 9(12):2986-2998, 1997.

* (1468) Philander, S.G.H., D. Gu, D. Halpern, G. Lambert, N.-C. Lau, T. Li, R.C. Pacanowski, Why the ITCZ is Mostly North of the Equator, Journal of Climate, 9(12):2958-2972, 1997.

(1469) Hamilton, K., Observation of an Ultra-Slow Large-Scale Wave Near the Tropical Tropopause, Journal of Geophysical Research, 102(D12):13,457-13,464, 1997.

* (1470) Tuleya, R.E., and S.J. Lord, The Impact of Dropwindsonde Data on GFDL Hurricane Model Forecasts using Global Analyses, Journal of Weather & Forecasting, 12(2):307-323, 1997.

* (1471) Gnanadesikan, A., and R.C. Pacanowski, Improved Representation of Flow around Topography in the GFDL Modular Ocean Model MOM2, International WOCE Newsletter, 27:23-25, 1997.

(1472) Manabe, S., and R.J. Stouffer, Climate Variability of a Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere-Land Surface Model: Implication for the Detection of Global Warming, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 78(6):1177-1185, 1997.

* (1473) Haywood, J.M., R.J. Stouffer, R.T. Wetherald, S. Manabe, and V. Ramaswamy, Transient Response of a Coupled Model to Estimated Changes in Greenhouse Gas and Sulfate Concentrations, Geophysical Research Letters, 24(11):1335-1338, 1997.

* (1474) Zhang, Y., K.R. Sperber, J.S. Boyle, M.R. Dix, L. Ferranti, A. Kitoh, K.M. Lau, K. Miyakoda, D. Randall, L. Takacs, and R. Wetherald, GCM Simulated East Asian Winter Monsoon: Results from Eight AMIP Models, Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison, UCRL-JC-126945, 1-49, 1997.

* (1475) Ezer, T., and G.L. Mellor, Data Assimilation in the Gulf Stream Region: How Useful are Satellite-Derived Surface Data for Nowcasting the Subsurface Fields?, Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 14(6):1379-1391, 1997.

* (1476) Ezer, T., and G.L. Mellor, Simulations of the Atlantic Ocean with a Free Surface Sigma Coordinate Ocean Model. Journal of Geophysical Research, 102(C7):15,647-15,657, 1997.

* (1477) Kelley, J.G.W., F. Aikman II, L.C. Breaker, and G.L. Mellor, Coastal Ocean Forecasts, Sea Technology, 38(5):10-17, 1997.

* (1478) Cess, R.D., M.H. Zhang, G.L. Potter, V. Alekseev, H.W. Barker, S. Bony, R.A. Colman, D.A. Dazlich, A.D. Del Genio, M. Deque, M.R. Dix, V. Dymnikov, M. Esch, L.D. Fowler, J.R. Fraser, V. Galin, W.L. Gates, J. Hack, W.J. Ingram, J.T. Kiehl, Y. Kim, H. Le Treut, X.-Z. Liang, B.J. McAvaney, V.P. Meleshko, J.J. Morcrette, D.A. Randall, E. Roeckner, M.E. Schlesinger, P.V. Sporyshev, K.E. Taylor, B. Timbal, E.M. Volodin, W. Wang, W.C. Wang, and R.T. Wetherald, Comparison of the Seasonal Change in Cloud-Radiative Forcing from Atmospheric General Circulation Models and Satellite Observations, Journal of Geophysical Research, 102(D14):16,593-16,603, 1997.

* (1479) Koster, R.D., and P.C.D. Milly, The Interplay between Transpiration and Runoff Formulations in Land Surface Schemes used with Atmospheric Models, Journal of Climate, 10(7):1578-1591, 1997.

* (1480) Chen, T.H., A. Henderson-Sellers, P.C.D. Milly, A.J. Pitman, A.C.M. Beljaars, J. Polcher, F. Abramopoulos, A. Boone, S. Chang, F. Chen, Y. Dai, C.E. Desborough, R.E. Dickinson, L. Dumenil, M. Ek, J.R. Garratt, N. Gedney, Y.M. Gusev, J. Kim, R. Koster, E.A. Kowalczyk, K. Laval, J. Lean, D. Lettenmaier, X. Liang, J.F. Mahfouf, H.-T. Mengelkamp, K. Mitchell, O.N. Nasonova, J. Noilhan, A. Robock, C. Rosenzweig, J. Schaake, C.A. Schlosser, J.-P., Schulz, Y. Shao, A.B. Shmakin, D.L. Verseghy, P. Wetzel, E.F. Wood, Y. Xue, Z.-L. Yang, and Q. Zeng, Cabauw Experimental Results from the Project for Intercomparison of Land-surface Parameterization Schemes (PILPS), Journal of Climate, 10(6):1194-1215, 1997.

(1481) Mahlman, J.D., Dynamics of Transport Processes in the Upper Troposphere, Science, 276:1079-1083, 1997.

* (1482) Hallberg, R., Stable Split Time Stepping Schemes for Large-Scale Ocean Modeling, Journal of Computational Physics, 135:54-65, 1997.

* (1483) Haywood, J.M., V. Ramaswamy, and L.J. Donner, A Limited-Area-Model Case Study of the Effects of Sub-Grid Scale Variations in Relative Humidity and Cloud Upon the Direct Radiative Forcing of Sulfate Aerosol, Geophysical Research Letters, 24(2):143-146, 1997.

* (1484) Haywood, J.M., D.L. Roberts, A. Slingo, J.M. Edwards, and K.P. Shine, General Circulation Model Calculations of the Direct Radiative Forcing by Anthropogenic Sulfate and Fossil-Fuel Soot Aerosol, Journal of Climate, 10(7):1562-1577, 1997.

* (1485) Gruber, N., J.L. Sarmiento, and T.F. Stocker, An Improved Method for Detecting Anthropogenic C0₂ in the Oceans, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 10(4):809-837, 1996.

* (1486) Sarmiento, J.L. and C. Le Quéré, Oceanic CO₂ Uptake in a Model of Century-Scale Global Warming, Science, 274:1346-1350, 1997.

* (1487) Key, R.M., WOCE Pacific Ocean Radiocarbon Program, Radiocarbon, 38(3):415-423, 1997.

* (1488) Key, R.M., and P.D. Quay, WOCE AMS Radiocarbon I: Pacific Ocean Results: P6, P16, and P17, Radiocarbon, 38(3):425-518, 1997.

* (1489) Stuiver, M., G. Ostlund, R.M. Key, and P.J. Reimer, Large Volume WOCE Radiocarbon Sampling in the Pacific Ocean, Radiocarbon, 38(3):519-561, 1997.

(1490) Hayashi, Y., and D.G. Golder, United Mechanisms for the Generation of Low- and High-Frequency Tropical Waves: Part II: Theoretical Interpretations, Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan, 75(4):775-797, 1997.

(1491) Schwarzkopf, M.D., and V. Ramaswamy, Stratospheric Climatic Effects due to CH₄, N₂0, CFCs, and the H₂0 Infrared Continuum: A GCM Experiment, International Radiation Symposium, Fairbanks, Alaska, Current Problems in Atmospheric Radiation, August 1996, pp. 336-339, 1997.

(1492) Donner, L.J., C.J. Seman, R.S. Hemler, and J.P. Sheldon, Radiative Transfer in a Three-Dimensional Cloud-System-Resolving Model, International Radiation Symposium, Fairbanks, Alaska, Current Problems in Atmospheric Radiation, August 1996, pp. 109-112, 1997.

* (1493) Chen, C.-T., and V. Ramaswamy, Climate Sensitivity to Solar and Greenhouse Radiative Forcings, International Radiation Symposium, Fairbanks, Alaska, Current Problems in Atmospheric Radiation, August 1996, pp. 279-281, 1997.

(1494) Ramaswamy, V., and S.M. Freidenreich, Absorption of Solar Radiation in Overcast Atmospheres, International Radiation Symposium, Fairbanks, Alaska, Current Problems in Atmospheric Radiation, August 1996, pp. 125-127, 1997.

(1495) Freidenreich, S.M., and V. Ramaswamy, A New Multi-Band Solar Radiative Parameterization, preprint of the 9th Conference on Atmospheric Radiation, Long Beach, CA, American Meteorological Society, Boston, MA, pp.129-130, 1997.

* (1496) Hurtt, G.C., Ocean Ecosysten Models for Use in Studies of the Air-Sea Balance of Carbon Dioxide, Ph.D. Dissertation, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ. 1997.

* (1497) Gruber, N., and J.L. Sarmiento, Global Patterns of Marine Nitrogen Fixation and Denitrification, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 11(2):235-266, 1997.

* (1498) Michaels, A.F., D. Olson, J.L. Sarmiento, J.W. Ammerman, K. Fanning, R. Jahnke, A.H. Knap, F. Lipschultz, J.M. Prospero, Inputs, Losses and Transformations of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in the Pelagic North Atlantic Ocean, Biogeochemistry, 35:181-226, 1997.

* (1499) Sabine, C.L., D.W.R. Wallace and F.J. Millero, Survey of CO₂ in the Ocean Reveals Clues about Global Carbon Cycle, EOS, 78(5), 1997.

* (1500) Hurtt, G.C. and R.A. Armstrong, A Pelagic Ecosystem Model Calibrated with BATS Data, Deep-Sea Research, Part II, 43(2-3):653-683, 1997.

* (1501) Klonecki, A., and H. Levy II, Tropospheric Chemical Ozone Tendencies in CO-CH₄-NO_y-H₂0 System: Their Sensitivity to Variations in Environmental Parameters and their Application to a Global Chemistry Transport Model Study, Journal of Geophysical Research, 102(17):21,221-21,237, 1997.

* (1502) Donner, L.J., C.J. Seman, B.J. Soden, R.S. Hemler, J.C. Warren, J. Ström, and K.-N. Liou, Large-Scale Ice Clouds in the GFDL SKYHI General Circulation Model, Journal of Geophysical Research, 102(D18):21,745-21,768, 1997

* (1503) Nakamura, H., M. Nakamura, M., and J.L. Anderson, The Role of High- and Low-Frequency Dynamics in the Blocking Formation, Monthly Weather Review, 125(9):2074-2093, 1997.

* (1504) Haywood, J.M., and K.P. Shine, Multi-Spectral Calculations of the Direct Radiative Forcing of Tropospheric Sulphate and Soot Aerosols using a Column Model, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 123:1907-1930, 1997.

* (1505) Meehl, G.A., G.J. Boer, C. Covey, M. Latif, and R.J. Stouffer, Intercomparison Makes for a Better Climate Model, EOS, Transactions, 78(41):445-451, 1997.

* (1506) Christensen, N., J. Christy, R. Cooper, F. Culler, D. Hagen, R. Lindzen, J.D. Mahlman, L.D. Meeker, A. Robock, W. Schlesinger, H. Schmitt, M. Weidenbaum, and P. Wilcoxen, Global Climate Change: Policy Making in the Context of Scientific and Economic Uncertainty, The Annapolis Center, 15 pp, 1997.

* (1507) Griffies, S.M. and K. Bryan, A Predictability Study of Simulated North Atlantic Multidecadal Variability, Climate Dynamics, 13:459-487, 1997.

* (1508) Spangenberg, D.A., G.G. Mace, T.P. Ackerman, N.L. Seaman, and B.J. Soden, Evaluation of Model-Simulated Upper Troposphere Humidity using 6.7 µm Satellite Observations, Journal of Geophysical Research, 102(D22):25,737-25,749, 1997.

(1509) Anderson, J.L., The Impact of Dynamical Constraints on the Selection of Initial Conditions for Ensemble Predictions: Low-order Perfect Model Results, Monthly Weather Review, 125(11):2969-2983, 1997.

* (1510) Haywood, J.M., K.P. Shine, and A. Slingo, Direct Radiative Forcing of Anthropogenic Sulfate and Soot Aerosol using a Flexible Radiation Code and a GCM, In IRS '96: Current Problems in Atmospheric Radiation, eds. William L. Smith and Knut Stamnes, A. Deepak, Publishers, pp. 324-327, 1997.

* (1511) Klein, S., Synoptic Variability of Low Cloud Properties and Meteorological Parameters in the Subtropical Trade Wind Boundary Layer, Journal of Climate, 10:2018-2039, 1997.

* (1512) Hallberg, R., Localized Coupling Between Surface and Bottom Intensified Flow Over Topography, Journal of Physical Oceanography, 27:977-998, 1997.

(1513) Mahlman, J.D., Uncertainties in Climate Model Projections of Human-Caused Climate Warming, Science, 278:1416-1417, 1997.

(1514) Lau, N.-C., and M.W. Crane, Comparing Satellite and Surface Observations of Cloud Patterns in Synoptic-Scale Circulation Systems, Monthly Weather Review, 125(12):3172-3189, 1997.

(1515) Hamilton, K., Meteorological Measurements on Ozonesonde Ascents: A Valuable Resource for Stratospheric Climatology, SPARC Newsletter, 9:.3, 1997.

* (1516) Forbes, J.M., M.E. Hagan, X. Zhang, K. Hamilton, Upper Atmosphere Tidal Oscillations Due to Latent Heat Release in the Tropical Troposphere, Annales Geophysicae, 15(9):1165-1175, 1997.

(1517) Miyakoda, K., J. Ploshay, and A. Rosati, Preliminary Study on SST Forecast Skill Associated with the 1982/83 El Niño Process, using Coupled Model Data Assimilation, Atmosphere-Ocean , 35(1):469-486, 1997.

* (1518) Balasubramanian, G., and S.T. Garner, The Equilibration of Short Baroclinic Waves, Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 54(24):2850-2871, 1997.

* (1519) Ezer, T., and G.L. Mellor, Data Assimilation Experiments in the Gulf Stream Region: How Useful are Satellite-Derived Surface Data for Nowcasting the Subsurface Fields? Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 14(6):1379-1391, 1997.

(1520) Broccoli, A.J., and S. Manabe, Mountains and Midlatitude Aridity, In Tectonic Uplift and Climate Change, pp. 89-121, ed. William F. Ruddiman, Plenum Press, 1997.

* (1521) Hayashi, Y., D.G. Golder, and P.W. Jones, Tropical Gravity Waves and Superclusters Simulated by High-Resolution SKYHI General Circulation Models, Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan, 75(6):1125-1138, 1997.

(1522) Hamilton, K., and R.S. Hemler, Appearance of Super Typhoons in a Global Climate Model Simulation, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 78(12):2875-2876, 1997.

* (1523) Heintzenberg, J., R.J. Charlson, A.D. Clarke, C. Liousse, V. Ramaswamy, K.P. Shine, M. Wendisch, and G. Helas, Measurements and Modelling of Aerosol Single-Scattering Albedo: Progress, Problems and Prospects, Contributions to Atmospheric Physics, 70(4):249-263, 1997.

(1524) Hamilton, K., Gravity Currents in the Environment and the Laboratory, EOS, 79:71, 1998.

(1525) Knutson T.R., and S. Manabe, Model Assessment of Decadal Variability and Trends in the Tropical Pacific Ocean, Reprints from the Ninth Symposium on Global Change Studies and Namias Symposium on the Status and Prospects for Climate Prediction, 11-16 January 1998, Phoenix, AZ, by the American Meteorological Society, Boston, MA, pp. 216-219, 1998.

(1526) Kurihara, Y., R.E. Tuleya, A Prospect of Improvement in the Forecast of Hurricane Landfall, reprinted from 16th Conference on Weather Analysis and Forecasting and Symposium on The Research Foci of the U.S. Weather Research Program, 11-16 January 1998, Phoenix AZ, American Meteorological Society, Boston, MA, pp. 524-525, 1998.

(1527) Knutson, T.R., R.E. Tuleya, and Y. Kurihara, Simulated Increase of Hurricane Intensities in a CO₂-Warmed Climate, Science, 279:1018-1020, 1998.

(1528) Hamilton, K., Dynamics of the Tropical Middle Atmosphere, Proceedings of the Canadian Middle Atmosphere Project Summer School, Cornwall, Ontario, Canada, August 25-29, 1997, Eds. J.N. Koshyk and T.G. Shepherd, 1998.

* (1529) Haywood, J., and V. Ramaswamy, Global Sensitivity Studies of the Direct Radiative Forcing due to Anthropogenic Sulfate and Black Carbon Aerosols, Journal of Geophysical Research, 103(D6):6043-6058, 1998.

* (1530) Holt, B., A.K. Liu, D.W.Wang, A. Gnanadesikan, and H.S. Chen, Tracking Storm-Generated Waves in the Northeast Pacific Ocean with ERS-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery and Buoys, Journal of Geophysical Research, 103(C4):7917-7929, 1998.

* (1531) Hecht, A., T. Ezer, A. Huss, and A. Shapira, Wind Waves on the Dead Sea, In The Dead Sea: The Lake and its Setting, T.M. Niemi, Z. Ben-Avraham and J.R. Gata (eds.) Monographs on Geology and Geophysics, No.36, Oxford University Press, 114-121, 1997.

* (1532) Goswami, B.N., Interannual Variations of Indian Summer Monsoon in a GCM: External Conditions versus Internal Feedbacks, Journal of Climate, 11:501-522, 1998.

(1533) Kurihara, Y., R.E. Tuleya, and M.A. Bender, The GFDL Hurricane Prediction System and its Performance in the 1995 Hurricane Season, Monthly Weather Review, 126(5):1306-1322, 1998.

(1534) Stouffer, R.J., and K.W. Dixon, Initialization of Coupled Models for Use in Climate Studies: A Review, WCRP Informal Report No. 3/1998, ICPO Publication Series No. 15, 1998.

* (1535) Griffies, S.M., A. Gnanadesikan, R.C. Pacanowski, V.D. Larichev, J.K. Dukowicz, and R.D.Smith, Isoneutral Diffusion in a Z-Coordinate Ocean Model, Journal of Physical Oceanography, 28(5):805-830, 1998.

(1536) Griffies, S.M., The Gent-McWilliams Skew-Flux, Journal of Physical Oceanography, 28(5):831-841, 1998.

* (1537) Andronache, C., L.J. Donner, V. Ramaswamy, C.J. Seman, and R.S. Hemler, The Effects of Atmospheric Sulfur on the Radiative Properties of Convective Clouds: A Limited Area Modeling Study, Geophysical Research Letters, 25(9):1423-1426, 1998.

* (1538) Stephens, B.B., R. F. Keeling, M. Heimann, K.D. Six, R.J. Murnane, Testing Global Biological Ocean Models using Measurements of Atmospheric 0₂ and CO₂ Concentrations, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 12(2):213-230, 1998.

(1539) Anderson, J.L., Impacts of Dynamically Constrained Initial Conditions on Ensemble Forecasts, Preprints, 11th Numerical Weather Prediction Conference, American Meteorological Society, pp. 56-57, 1998.

(1540) Stern, W.F., and J.L. Anderson, Interannual Variability of Tropical Intraseasonal Oscillations in the GFDL/DERF GCM Inferred From an Ensemble of AMIP Integrations, Preprints, 11th Numerical Weather Prediction Conference, American Meteorological Society, pp. 15-16, 1998.

(1541) Sirutis, J.J., and A. Rosati, The Impact of Cumulus Convection Parameterization in Coupled Air-Sea Models, Preprints, 11th Numerical Weather Prediction Conference, American Meteorological Society, 3 pp. 1998.

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