Hayashi, Y., 1981: Vertical-zonal propagation of a stationary planetary wave packet. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 38 (6), 1197-1205.

Abstract: In order to explain why the Aleutian high stands out in the winter stratosphere, a complex Fourier analysis is made of simulated and observed stationary waves. It is found that in the troposphere the envelope of the time mean geopotential height consisting of wavenumbers 1 ~ 3 attains its major and minor maxima in the Pacific and Atlantic, respectively. The major maximum is dominated by wavenumbers 1 ~ 2 and shifts eastward with height in the stratosphere in the approximate direction of the group velocity and strengthens the Aleutian high. The minor maximum is dominated by wavenumber 3 and is confined in the troposphere.