Hamilton, K., 1988: Equatorial Atlantic sea surface temperature variations. Atmosphere-Ocean, 26(4), 668-678.

Abstract: Monthly mean sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies were computed for six 10° boxes stretching across the equatorial Atlantic Ocean for the period 1890-1979. These values were used to produce a time-longitude section of the interannual SST variability along the equator. This section shows cycles of basin-wide warming and cooling occurring with irregular periods that typically range between two and four years. The warming and cooling events in these cycles normally display some westward phase propagation. The peak magnitudes of the interannual SST anomalies are generally of the order of 1°C or less, except in the Gulf of Guinea where they can be somewhat larger.

An estimate was made of the basin-wide equatorial SST anomaly in each month (excluding the Guld of Guinea). This was composited around the times of the warm and cold extremes of the Pacific Southern Oscillation. This analysis revealed a detectable, but rather weak, tendency for phase locking of the interannual SST variations in the equatorial Pacific and Atlantic Oceans.